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␈↓ ↓H
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␈↓ ↓H

␈↓ ↓H

␈↓ ↓H
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␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hways.␈α
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relevant␈α
considerations:
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A␈α
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␈↓ ↓H
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␈↓ ↓H
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␈↓ ↓H
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␈↓ ↓H
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a␈α
given␈α
benefit␈α
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be␈α
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because␈α
competition␈α
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and␈α
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each
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worth␈α
the␈α
cost.␈α
Of␈α
course,␈α
a␈α
case␈α
could␈α
arise
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it␈α
might␈α
be␈α
preferable.␈α
Within␈α
systems,
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␈↓ ↓H
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of␈α
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It␈α
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and␈α
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the␈α
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a␈α
particular
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the␈α
same␈α
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Another␈α
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the␈α
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in␈α
patent␈α
protection.␈α
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a
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and␈α
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device.␈α
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this.
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the␈α
government␈α
and␈α
raise␈α
the␈α
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itself.␈α
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latter␈α
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that␈α
the␈α
company
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which␈α
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undertaken.
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␈↓ ↓H
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␈↓ ↓H
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␈↓ ↓H
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a␈α
large␈α
share␈α
of␈α
the␈α
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This␈α
is
␈↓ ↓H
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small␈α
company␈α
may␈α
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it␈α
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to␈α
undertake␈α
the␈α
development.
␈↓ ↓H

␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ α_Secondly,␈α∂patent␈α∂protection␈α∂may␈α∂be␈α∂unobtainable,␈α∂because␈α∂the␈α∂basic␈α∂ideas␈α∂are␈α∞in␈α∞the␈α∞public
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hdomain,␈αand␈αthe␈αrealization␈αmay␈αbe␈αcarried␈αout␈αin␈αa␈αvariety␈αof␈α
ways.␈α
Moreover,␈α
most␈α
of␈α
the␈α
cost␈α
in␈α
a
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hdevelopment␈αmay␈αbe␈αin␈αgoing␈αfrom␈αa␈αdevice␈αthat␈αsometimes␈αworks␈αto␈αone␈αthat␈αis␈αreliable.␈αBesides␈α
all
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hthat,␈α
the␈α
concept␈α
of␈α
patentable␈α
invention␈α
as␈αdistinguished␈αfrom␈αa␈αnatural␈αdevelopment␈αof␈αthe␈αprior
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hart␈α
has␈α
been␈α
whittled␈α
away␈α
by␈α
innumerable␈α
court␈α
decisions.
␈↓ ↓H

␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ α_One␈αidea␈αfor␈αrelieving␈αthe␈αsituation␈αis␈αto␈αmake␈αpost␈αfacto␈αawards␈αof␈αroyalties.␈αThe␈α
idea␈α
is␈α
that
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hafter␈α∂an␈α∂development␈α∂has␈α∂been␈α∂put␈α∂into␈α∂use␈α∞and␈α∞has␈α∞proved␈α∞valuable,␈α∞a␈α∞legal␈α∞proceeding␈α∞should
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hdetermine␈αwho␈αhas␈αcontributed␈αwhat␈αto␈αthe␈αdevelopment␈αand␈αdivide␈αroyalties␈αover␈αa␈αperiod␈αof␈αyears
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Haccordingly␈αamong␈αindividuals␈αand␈αfirms.␈αThere␈αwould␈αhave␈αto␈α
develop␈α
a␈α
body␈α
of␈α
case␈α
law␈α
before␈α
it
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hbecame␈αfeasible␈αfor␈αa␈αcompany␈αto␈αpredict␈αwhat␈αit␈αmight␈αget␈αback␈αif␈αit␈αput␈α
money␈α
into␈α
a␈α
development
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hthat␈α∞would␈α∞subsequently␈α∞be␈α∞used␈α
by␈α
others.␈α
The␈α
payment␈α
should␈α
include␈α
compensation␈α
for␈α
risk␈α
as
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hwell␈α∂as␈α∂for␈α∂direct␈α∂costs.␈α∂Perhaps␈α∂a␈α∂company␈α∂contemplating␈α∂a␈α∂development␈α∂could␈α∂announce␈α∞it␈α∞and
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hannounce␈α∃the␈α∃risk␈α∃they␈α∃thought␈α∃they␈α∃were␈α∃taking.␈α∃Another␈α∃firm␈α∃who␈α∃thought␈α∃the␈α∀risk␈α∀was
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hover-estimated␈αcould␈αput␈αup␈αsome␈αof␈αits␈αown␈αmoney.␈αOtherwise,␈αit␈αwould␈αhave␈αto␈αaccept␈αthe␈αestimate
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hput␈α⊃forth␈α⊃by␈α⊃the␈α⊂developer.␈α⊂A␈α⊂feasible␈α⊂scheme␈α⊂might␈α⊂require␈α⊂considerable␈α⊂development,␈α⊂but␈α⊂the
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hgeneral␈αidea␈αis␈αto␈αencourage␈αnew␈αdevelopment␈αby␈αincreasing␈αthe␈αprobability␈αthat␈αsuccess␈αwould␈αlead
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hto␈α
profit.
␈↓ ↓H